Equine Neonatal Medicine offers an in-depth comprehensive reference for the clinical management of pregnant and periparturient mares and neonatal foals. Edited by leading experts in the field and written by experienced equine specialists, this textbook covers all aspects of providing veterinary care to mares and neonatal foals. Encompassing physiology, pathophysiology, theory, and practice, this textbook offers an authoritative, well-illustrated reference to equine perinatology.

Topics covered include breeding management, pregnancy detection, fetal monitoring, parturition, and peri-parturient disorders in the mare as well as diagnostic and therapeutic options for ill neonatal foals.

The book:

Equine Neonatal Medicine is an essential reference for any veterinary practitioner engaged with mares and foals, including specialists in equine medicine, equine and mixed animal practitioners, ambulatory practitioners, and veterinary students.

List of Contributors xiv

Foreword xix

Preface xx

 

 

Section I Fetal Heart Rate and Fetal ECG 3

Section II Fetal Circulation and Cardiorespiratory Transition 8

Section III Maturation of the Lung and the Surfactant System 12

Section IV Onset of Breathing 26

Section V Control of Breathing 32

Section VI Renal Transition from Fetus to Newborn 37

Section VII Newborn Physical Examination 42

 

 

Neonatal Respiratory System 81

Section I Physical Examination 90

Section II Thoracic Radiography of the Neonatal Foal 94

Section III Thoracic Ultrasonography of the Neonatal Foal 101

Section IV Advanced Imaging (ct, Mri) of the Neonatal Respiratory System 109

Section V Inhalation Therapy 117

Section VI Ventilator Therapy 126

Section I Disorders of Breathing Pattern in the Neonatal Foal 153

Section II Lower Respiratory Tract Disorders 156

Section III Meconium Aspiration Syndrome 183

Section IV Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn 189

Section V Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum 196

Section VI Diaphragmatic Hernias 201

Section VII Miscellaneous Disorders of the Respiratory System 206

Section VIII Nonpulmonary Disease Processes Manifesting as Respiratory Disease 216

Neonatal Cardiovascular System 224

Section I Examination of the Cardiovascular System 238

Section II Echocardiography 244

Section III Advanced Cardiac Monitoring in Foals 259

Section IV Central Venous Pressure 268

Section V Cardiovascular Medications for the Neonatal Foal 273

Section I Arrhythmias 315

Section II Pathophysiology of Shock Syndromes in the Neonatal Foal 323

Section III Catheter- Associated Thrombophlebitis 337

Neonatal Digestive System 343

Section I Physical Examination of the Digestive System 351

Section II Abdominocentesis and Cytologic Evaluation of Peritoneal Fluid 354

Section III Ultrasonographic Examination of the Neonatal Foal Abdomen 357

Section IV Endoscopy of the Digestive Tract 369

Section V Radiography of the Alimentary Tract 374

Section VI Oral Lactose Tolerance Test and Oral Glucose Absorption Test 387

Section VII Liver Biopsy 389

Section VIII Diagnostic Tests and Fecal Analysis in the Neonatal Foal with Diarrhea 391

Section IX Nutritional Support 396

Section X Prokinetic Therapy in Foals 402

Section XI Endotoxemia in the Neonatal Foal 407

Section I Causes of Dysphagia in the Neonatal Foal 436

Section II Gastroduodenal Ulcer Syndrome and Ileus in the Foal 442

Section III Enteritis, Colitis, and Diarrhea 451

Section IV Peritonitis 471

Section V Meconium Impaction 482

Section VI Hernias 487

Section VII Intestinal Hyperammonemia 491

Neonatal Endocrine System 543

Section I The Hypothalamic- Pituitary- Adrenal Axis and Steroid Hormones 545

Section II Energy and Growth Hormones 556

Section III Thyroid Hormones 563

Section IV Hormones Involved in Blood Pressure and Blood Volume Regulation 567

Section V Hormones Involved in Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Regulation 573

Section I Disorders of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis and Neurosteroids 582

Section II Disorders of Energy and Growth Hormones 589

Section III Disorders of Thyroid Hormones 594

Section IV Disorders of Hormones Involved in Blood Pressure and Volume Regulation 599

Section V Disorders of Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Homeostasis 603

Section VI Diagnosis and Treatment of Endocrine Disorders 611

Neonatal Urinary System 629

Section I Examination of the Urinary System 644

Section II Medications Acting on the Urinary System 654

Section III Renal Replacement Therapies 662

Neonatal Nervous System 705

Section I Neurologic Examination of the Neonatal Foal 724

Section II Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection and Analysis 730

Section III Electrodiagnostics in the Neonatal Foal 734

Section IV Intracranial Pressure Monitoring 739

Section V Medications Acting on the Neonatal Nervous System 741

Section I Juvenile Idiopathic Epilepsy 759

Section II Lavender Foal Syndrome 763

Section III Cerebellar Abiotrophy 765

Section IV Deafness in Foals 768

Section V Occipitoatlantoaxial Malformation (oaam) in Foals 770

Section VI Miscellaneous Congenital Disorders of the Nervous System 773

Section I Infectious and Inflammatory – Bacterial Meningoencephalomyelitis 784

Section II Infectious and Inflammatory – Sarcocystis and Neospora in the Mare and Foal 787

Section III Infectious and Inflammatory – Tetanus in the Neonatal Foal 795

Section IV Toxicities – Neurotoxicities 806

Section V Pathophysiology and Treatment of Central Nervous System Trauma in the Foal 831

Section VI Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury in the Foal 858

Section VII Metabolic Causes of Neurologic Dysfunction 886

Section VIII Idiopathic – Neonatal Encephalopathy 895

Section IX Idiopathic – Neonatal Epileptic Seizures 915

Section X Idiopathic – Narcolepsy in Foals 919

Section XI Autoimmune – Kernicterus 921

Section XII Nervous System Neoplasia 925

Section XIII Peripheral Nerve Disorders – Nerve Injury Secondary to Dystocia 927

Section XIV Peripheral Nerve Disorders – Botulism 931

Neonatal Musculoskeletal System 940

Section I Diagnostic Tests 953

Section II Medications for Intra- Articular and Musculoskeletal Use in the Neonatal Foal 961

Section I Infectious Neonatal Musculoskeletal Disorders 992

Section II Noninfectious Neonatal Musculoskeletal Disorders 1007

Neonatal Integumentary System 1024

Neonatal Hematology and Clinical Chemistry 1049

Neonatal Immunology & Infection 1089

Section I Bacterial Sepsis 1126

Section II Viral Infections 1156

Neonatal Ophthalmology 1178

General Treatment Principles for the Equine Neonate 1245

Section I Foal Restraint and Handling 1268

Section II Sedation of the Neonatal Foal 1272

Section III Nasotracheal and Orotracheal Intubation 1273

Section IV Placement of Nasal Insufflation Tube 1275

Section V Nasogastric Tube Placement 1277

Section VI Intravenous Catheter Selection, Placement, Maintenance, and Monitoring 1280

Section VII Intraosseous Infusion Technique 1287

Section VIII Treatment of Hypothermia 1290

Section IX Direct and Indirect Blood Pressure Measurement 1294

Section X Urinary Catheter Placement 1296

Section XI Arterial and Venous Blood Gas Collection 1300

Section XII Capnography 1302

Section XIII Neonatal Transfusion Therapy 1305

Section XIV Umbilical Care 1312

Section xv Point- of- Care Monitors in Neonatal Medicine 1314

 

 

 

Appendix

Formulary for Equine Neonatal Medications 1478

 

Index 1505

is a Professor of Equine Medicine and Emergency & Critical Care and serves as the Chairperson of the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa, USA.

 

is a Professor of Equine Medicine and Emergency and Critical Care in the Section of Equine Medicine and Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign in Urbana, Illinois, USA.