The revised third edition of Pathology of Pet and Aviary Birds delivers a comprehensive reference to gross and microscopic lesions found in birds, as well as the implications of these diseases. This third edition includes improved coverage of normal anatomy and of advanced diagnostic techniques, including special stains, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and molecular diagnostics.

The authors offer an extensive collection of more than 1200 high-quality, full-color images. New chapters cover the postmortem examination; gross and microscopic anatomy; advanced diagnostics; and cytology. Specific chapters address diseases of passerines, Columbidae, and raptors, and other chapters are intuitively organized by body system. The book also provides:

Pathology of Pet and Aviary Birds is an essential resource for veterinary pathologists and pathology residents, and will also benefit avian practitioners and veterinary students with an interest in diseases of pet birds and birds in avicultural collections. As many diseases in captive birds also manifest in wild birds, the book will appeal to those interested in the diseases and pathology of wild birds.

About the Editors xi

List of Contributors xiii

Preface to the First Edition xv

Preface to the Second Edition xvii

Preface to the Third Edition xix

Acknowledgments xxi

 

1 Anatomy and Postmortem Examination 1
Dale Smith

Avian Anatomy 1

Postmortem Procedures 38

Additional Reading 63

2 Cardiovascular System 65
Shannon L. Donahoe

Congenital Anomalies 65

Pericardial

Disease 66

Heart

Disease 69

Vascular Disease 87

Additional

Reading 94

3 Respiratory System 97
Nicole M. Nemeth and Brittany McHale

Normal Structure 97

Upper

Respiratory Disease 98

Lower Respiratory Disease 115

Additional

Reading 139

4 Gastrointestinal System and Pancreas 143
Inga Sidor

Normal Microscopic Anatomy 143

Gastrointestinal Disease 144

Beak 144

Oral Cavity 147

Esophagus and Crop 154

Proventriculus 160

Ventriculus 166

Small and Large Intestines 170

Cloaca 185

Exocrine Pancreas 188

Additional Reading 193

5 Liver 197
Carmen Fareeda Jerry

Normal Anatomy 197

Congenital Disease 197

Infectious Disease 197

Noninfectious Disease 220

Gallbladder 229

Neoplasia 229

Non-neoplastic

Epithelial Proliferative Lesions 233

Additional Reading 234

6 Urinary System 239
Anna Kokosinska

Normal Structure 239

Systemic Effects of Renal Failure 239

Renal Disease 240

Additional Reading 259

7 Reproductive System 263
Anna Kokosinska

Male Reproductive System 263

Female Reproductive System 268

Additional Reading 288

8 Endocrine System 291
Dale Smith

Pituitary Gland 291

Thyroid Glands 292

Parathyroid Glands 296

Adrenal Glands 297

Pancreatic Islets 302

Ultimobranchial Bodies 303

Carotid Bodies, Aortic Bodies, Pineal Gland, and Gastrointestinal Endocrine System 303

Additional Reading 304

9 Lymphatic and Hematopoietic System 307
Helene Pendl and Robert E. SchmidtNormal

Structure 307

Immunity 309

Disease 311

Additional Reading 338

10 Musculoskeletal System 343
Robert K. KimSkeletal

Muscle 343

Tendons and Ligaments 352

Bone and Cartilage 353

Disease of the Joints 365

Additional Reading 369

11 Nervous System 373
Jason D. Struthers and Robert E. Schmidt

Unique Anatomy of the Avian Neurological System 373

Central Nervous System 373

Peripheral Nervous System 398

Additional Reading 401

12 Integument 405
Shane Raidal

The Normal Anatomy of the Skin and Feathers 405

External Examination: Skin and Subcutis 406

Congenital and Acquired Malformations 406

Infectious Disease 408

Noninfectious Disease 422

Additional Reading 436

13 Special Sense Organs 439
Robert E. Schmidt and Jason D. Struthers

Eye 439

Ear 457

Olfactory/Taste Organs 461

Somatosensory Receptors 461

Additional Reading 462

14 Peritoneum and Mesenteries 465
Elise E. B. LaDouceur and Drury R. Reavill

Structure 465

Effusions 466

Inflammatory Disease 467

Infectious Disease 467

Noninfectious Diseases 472

Additional Reading 478

15 Doves and Pigeons 481
Jason D. Struthers

Congenital Diseases 482

Infectious Diseases 482

Non-infectious

Conditions 501

Additional Reading 509

16 Passerine Birds 513
Robert E. Schmidt

Normal Structure 513

Congenital Disease 513

Infectious Disease 514

Noninfectious Disease 540

Neoplasia 548

Non-neoplastic

Proliferative Lesions 554

Additional Reading 555

17 Raptors 563
Nicole M. Nemeth

Normal Structure 563

Congenital Malformations 563

Infectious Disease 566

Parasites 577

Noninfectious Disease 586

Neoplastic Disease 594

Miscellaneous 594

Additional Reading 596

18 Cytology 601
Helene Pendl and Peter M. Wencel

Part I: Normal Cytology 602

Part II: Diagnostic Cytology 611

Additional Reading 647

19 Advanced Diagnostics 649
Luisa H. M. Miranda, Marina Gimeno, Shannon L. Donahoe, and Robert Dahlhausen

Introduction 649

Special Histologic Stains Used as Ancillary Diagnostic Testing in Avian Species 649

Immunohistochemistry 650

In Situ Hybridization 653

Molecular Diagnostics 690

Targeted Molecular Diagnostics 691

Sequencing Technologies 701

Future Diagnostics 702

Additional Reading 709

 

Index 721

is a consultant in veterinary pathology for veterinary diagnostic laboratories, zoological parks and aquariums, and veterinary practitioners specializing in diseases of birds, reptiles, fish, laboratory animals, and zoo animals, based in Anthem, Arizona, USA.

 

is an associate professor of veterinary pathology at Midwestern University’s Animal Health Institute in Glendale, Arizona, USA.

 

is professor emeritus at the Sydney School of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Science in Sydney, NSW, Australia.